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Bone defects resulting from trauma or infection need timely and effective treatments to restore damaged bone. Using specialized three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology we have created custom 3D scaffolds of hydroxyapatite (HA)/beta‐tri‐calcium phosphate (β‐TCP) to promote bone repair. To further enhance bone regeneration we have coated the scaffolds with dipyridamole, an agent that increases local...
Aims
This study examines the intraperitoneal behavior of two cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives: Ifabond® and a new, non‐marketed octyl cyanoacrylate adhesive (OCA) used for the intraperitoneal fixation of a laminar expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) mesh. Material and Methods: In 36 New Zealand White rabbits, 3 × 3 cm (n = 24) or 1.5 × 3 cm (n = 12) fragments of ePTFE mesh (Preclude®, Gore, Flagstaff,...
Photodynamic therapy and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy are widely used, but despite this, the relationships between fluence, wavelength of irradiation and singlet oxygen (1O2) production are poorly understood. To establish the relationships between these factors in medically relevant materials, the effect of fluence on 1O2 production from a tetrakis(4‐N‐methylpyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP)‐incorporated...
Hypothesis: Silver‐plated microneedles can be used to confirm penetration of semi‐permeable membranes such as the round window membrane (RWM) by detection of voltage change at the moment of perforation. Background: The introduction of microperforations in the RWM can significantly enhance intracochlear delivery of therapeutics. However, the moment of needle penetration through the RWM cannot be reliably...
Despite innovative surgical techniques and use of current frontal sinus stents from different materials, the problem of treatment failure with consecutive reoperation remains present. The aim of our study is to investigate biocompatibility, degradation kinetics, and functionality of a newly developed fluoride‐coated magnesium‐based nasal stent. A minipig anatomy of frontal sinus adapted design and...
Drug‐infusion balloons are one of the currently used local drug delivery devices for preventing restenosis after endovascular treatments. An antiproliferative drug (paclitaxel, PAT) is infused through the balloon using a cremophor‐based formulation to control restenosis. However, the major limitations of this approach are poor in vivo drug uptake and a limit in the amount of PAT delivered because...
Hip arthroplasty femoral stems coated with Ti6Al4V beads were treated by anodic oxidation in H3PO4 for enhanced bioactivity and were studied in a 6‐month canine model to determine the effects of the treated surface on the ingrowth of bone and soft tissues. The area fractions of bone, marrow, and fibrous tissue in the porous coating of seven treated and seven untreated control implants were determined...
The tissue engineering scaffold acts as an extracellular matrix that interacts to the cells prior to forming new tissues. The chemical and structural characteristics of scaffolds are major concerns in fabricating of ideal three‐dimensional structure for tissue engineering applications. The polymer scaffolds used for tissue engineering should possess proper architecture and mechanical properties in...
In this work, we have investigated the effects of lithium (Li) dopant at different concentrations and sintering temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties of β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP). Our results showed that Li addition at concentrations of 0.65 and 1.0 wt % inhibits the β‐TCP to α‐TCP phase transformation. 0.15 wt % Li addition resulted in grain growth and extensive liquid phase...
This article presents successful incorporation of ibuprofen in polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers to create scaffolds for the treatment of both acute and chronic wounds. Nanofibrous PLA scaffolds containing 10, 20, or 30 wt % ibuprofen were created and ibuprofen release profiles quantified. In vitro cytotoxicity to human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) of the three scaffolds...
Tissue calcification is a major cause of failure of bioprosthetic heart valves. Aim of this study was to examine whether surface heparin treatment of the decellularized porcine heart valve reduces tissue calcification. Fresh porcine aortic heart valves were dissected as tissue discs and divided into four groups. Group A: controls without treatment, Group B: decellularization only, Group C: decellularization...
Gastrointestinal pathologies, injuries, and defects affect millions of individuals each year. While there are diverse treatment options for these individuals, no ideal solution exists. The repair or replacement of gastrointestinal tissue, therefore, represents a large unmet clinical need. Biomaterials derived from extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been effectively used to repair or replace...
Metal‐on‐metal hip resurfacing (MOM‐HR) represents a viable alternative to traditional arthroplasty. Nevertheless, in MOM coupling both metal nanoparticles and ions are released, whose toxicity remains a matter of concern. We investigated whether ‘endogenous' chronic exposure to cobalt and chromium induced a state of oxidative stress, DNA damage and a hypoxia‐like response in patients with well‐functioning...
Heart valve tissue engineering offers the promise of improved treatments for congenital heart disorders; however, widespread clinical availability of a tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV) has been hindered by scientific and regulatory concerns, including the lack of a disposable, bioreactor system for nondestructive valve seeding and mechanical conditioning. Here we report the design for manufacture...
Chitosan‐alginate (Ch‐Al) natural polysaccharide blends have been used for wound healing, tissue engineering, and drug delivery due to their ability to form pH‐dependent ionic chain‐chain interactions. Yet, the biomechanical properties and growth factor (GF) release kinetics of Ch‐Al, which are important in controlling the microenvironment during tissue regeneration, have not been fully explored....
Zinc (Zn) enhances bone formation with mineralization and is an essential element of osteoblastic proliferation. Silicon (Si) is important in apatite formation coupled with the promotion of osteogenesis. The primary focus of this work was the assessment of the bone healing capacity of calcium phosphate cements (CPC) composed of Zn‐ and Si‐incorporated β‐tri calcium phosphate (TCP) and mono calcium...
In this study, we demonstrated a natural silk fibroin protein (SFP) that was blended with a Chinese herbal extract (baicalein, BAI) to obtain an effective combination for producing electrospun nonwoven mats with anti‐inflammatory and antibacterial functions. A series of SFP‐based electrospun nonwoven mats with additives of varying compositions were produced and investigated. Performance comparisons...
This study investigates the mechanical properties and in vitro cytotoxicity of one‐ and two‐dimensional boron nitride nanomaterials‐reinforced biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites. Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) nanocomposites were fabricated using crosslinking agent N‐vinyl pyrrolidone and inorganic nanomaterials: boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and boron nitride nanoplatelets (BNNPs) dispersed...
Sugarcane bagasse is a fibrous material and an excellent bioresource for biogenic silica. Moreover, sugarcane bagasse has low production costs and is a sustainable precursor for the synthesis of biogenic silica nanoparticles (BSNPs). In this study, we synthesized BSNPs using sugarcane bagasse. The acid pretreatment of sugarcane was carried out in an autoclave, which eliminates metal ions and promotes...
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